牙科季铵盐类单体的制备及其抗菌作用的研究

Preparation and antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium salt monomers

目的制备3种季铵盐类单体，比较其对口腔常见细菌的作用，为牙科抗菌材料的研制提供基础依据。方法制备3种季铵盐类单体[甲基丙烯酰氧乙基．苄基-二甲基氯化铵（ methacryloxylethyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, DMAE-BC）、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基-间氯苄基-二甲基氯化铵（methacryloxylethyl m-chloro benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, DMAE-m-CBC）、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基-正十六烷基-二甲基氯化铵（methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, DMAE-CB）]，采用液体稀释法比较其对变形链球菌、血链球菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、产黑普氏菌的抗菌作用。结果3种季铵盐类单体中DMAE-CB的抗菌效果最强，对4种口腔细菌的最低抑菌浓度值为1．2至4．8ms／L，而另外两种单体对4种细菌的最低抑菌浓度值为1562．5至3125．0mg／L。结论3种季铵盐类单体对变形链球菌、血链球菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、产黑普氏菌均有不同程度的抗菌作用，其中DMAE-CB的抗菌活性最强。

Objective To prepare three quaternary ammonium salt （QAS） monomers, and to compare their antibacterial activities against four oral bacterial strains. Methods Three antibacterial monomers[methacryloxylethyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride（ DMAE-BC ）, methacryloxylethyl m-chloro benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride（ DMAE-m-CBC）, methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride （DMAE-CB） ] were synthesized according to the general structure of target monomers. Their antibacterial effects were investigated using the broth dilution test on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains （ Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sanguis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica）. Results Three different monomers were successfully obtained. All the tested bacterial strains were susceptible to the three monomers, among which DMAE-CB exhibited the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations （ MIC ） ranging from 1.2 to 4. 8 mg/L. Conclusions All these three QAS monomers have different antibacterial activities against four oral bacteria strains. The data indicate that DMAE-CB may be a candidate antibacterial agent for oral infectious diseases.