鄂尔多斯蒙古族敖包文化和植物崇拜文化对保育生物多样性的贡献

Contribution of Mongolian O-Boo Culture and Plant Worshiping Culture to Biodiversity Conservation in Ordos Plateau

结合民族生态学、文化人类学和样方调查方法,通过调查、访谈、搜集资料研究分析,评价了鄂尔多斯蒙古族敖包文化和植物崇拜文化对保育生物多样性的贡献。蒙古族敖包是受游牧文化保育的历史悠久的、天然的、原始的自然保护区。在鄂尔多斯高原有8个敖包的蒙古名直接反映出优势植物群落特征。鄂尔多斯蒙古族植物崇拜文化包括崇拜使用祭祀活动的植物,崇拜形状奇异、苍劲挺拔的乔木和崇拜寺庙附近的树木等3个内容。蒙古族敖包文化和树木崇拜文化在保育生物多样性中起到积极作用,她是在运用现代科学方法和技术进行生物多样性保育中值得发掘、研究和借鉴的传统生态文化。

Combining methods of ethnoecology, cultural anthropology and quadrat samphngs, the study aims to evaluate and analyse the contribution of Mongolian O-Boo culture and plant worshiping culture to biodiversity conservation by means of investigation, interview to informants and second-hand information collecting in Ordos Plateau. The Mongolian O-Boo culture is conserving vegetation diversity and species diversity of grassland. Mongolian O-Boo is original and natural Nature Reserve that benefit from the protection of Mongolian nomadic culture. The names of eight Mongolian names of O-Boo reflect the characteristics of original plant community in Ordos Plateau. Mongolian plant worshiping culture in Ordos Plateau includes worshiping plants used for fete activities, worshiping odd, tall and straight arbors which have odd shape, worshiping trees nearby the temple. The Chinese Pine King （ Plruts tabulaeformis ） which stands on loess hill in the east of Ordos Plateau, remnant Stiflleaf Juniper （ Juniperus rigid） community in Agui Temple and in U-xin county, Shinyleaf Yellowhom （ Xamhoceras sorbifolia） Open Forest in Genghis Khan＇ s Mausoleum, Savin Juniper （ Juniperus sabina ） community in Mu Us sandy land are subject to conservation of Mongohan plant worshiping culture. Mongolian O-Boo culture and plant worshiping culture play a positive role in biodiversity conservation. Mongohan OBoo culture and plant worshiping culture are traditional ecological culture which are worthy of exhuming and studying, and the culture for reference using modem scientific method to study biodiversity conservation.