意境说的建构性阐释——兼与蒋寅商榷

Constructive Interpretation of the Theory of Imagery Moods of Literary Works Containing a Discussion of the Issue With Jiang Yin

意境是中国古代诗学的核心的、具有总体涵盖性的范畴,但其由多相的碎片化存在到总体性的核心范畴,经过一个漫长的生产、建构过程。其源头是"两经":《易经》和《道德经》,中间又参入佛禅谱系。意与境的双元性是与最初的天人、象意、道气、阴阳、虚实、乾坤、刚柔,和后来的言意、形神、情采、隐秀、情景等双元性结构谱系对接延承而来的,至王国维用"境界"代"意境",既体现中西、古今的融合,又是他特别把它"生命化"、"人生化",或特殊化、缩小化的产物。王氏的重要创新和问题主要在此,而不是蒋寅所说的其意境说是"对意境的曲解",是"与传统诗学无关"等。

An imagery mood represents an essential all - inclusive scope of ancient Chinese poetics. However, it experienced a long process of production and construction when it evolved from a mixture of heterogeneous fragments into a core scope of general elements. It originated from two classical works： The Book of Change and The Classic of Morals, and it is permeated with pedigree of Buddhism.