428例脑卒中患者医院感染的特点分析

Nosocomial Infection in 428 Cases with Cerebral Stroke:Properties and Nursing Care

目的探讨脑卒中患者医院感染(NI)的特点,分析引起NI的危险因素,寻求有效的控制措施。方法对2003年1月-2006年12月428例脑卒中患者医院感染的特点及危险因素进行分析。结果医院感染率为8.93%,例次感染率9.41%,位于前5位的感染部位为下呼吸道、胃肠道、泌尿道、上呼吸道、皮肤,其构成比分别为47.66%、17.76%、15.19%、9.81%、6.31%;医院感染的发生除基础疾病严重外,与环节护理质量、侵入性操作、住院时间、营养状况等有关。结论脑卒中患者NI的发生率高,应充分重视其危险因素,加强护理管理,强化环节护理质量控制,从源头和关键环节上有效控制脑卒中患者NI的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the properties of nosocomial infections among acute stroke victims, analyze the risk factors associated with these infections, and find out effective methods of care and management. METHODS Between Jan 2003 to Dec 2006, 428 cases of stroke victims were studied to analyze the special properties and risk factors related to hospital infections among them. RESULTS Their nosocomial infection rate was 8. 93%, repetitive infection rate was 9.41 %, and the top five infected sites were the lower respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract, upper respiratory tract and skin, with their respective rates as 47.66%, 17.76%, 15.19%, 9.81% and 6.31%. The occurrence of hospital infections was associated with stroke as well as the quality of the nursing care process, invasive procedures, duration of stay in the hospital, dietary conditions, etc. CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infection is still a high frequent complication in cerebral stroke and those related factors should be paid attention. To effectively decrease nosocomial infections related to stroke, it is necessary to improve nursing care and supervision as well as control over the quality of care.