世界自然遗产──“三江”并流区地质生态环境特征及其成因初探

PRIMARY STUDY ON ENVIRONMENT OF GEOLOGY AND BIONOMICS IN THE AREA OF WORLD NATURAL INHERITANCE-THE THREE RIVERS JUXTAPOSITION

结合世界自然遗产——"三江"并流区地形地貌特征,论述了"三江"并流区的生态环境分类及其结构特征,并初步分析了各类生态环境的形成机制:"三江"并流区特殊的地质环境演化形成了独特的地形地貌;大气环流与"三江"并流区地形地貌的共同作用形成了"三江"并流区的立体气候和相应的生态环境;植被的持水与蒸腾作用反过来改善空气湿度,促进区域降水,因而生态环境与区域气候呈相互影响和促进的关系。提出了保护和改善"三江"并流区自然生态环境的基本途径是改善区域气候条件。具体措施:一是封山育林,在荒漠区植树造林,恢复和扩大植被覆盖率;二是保护湿地资源,修建水库和人工湖,扩大水域面积;三是"三江"并流区水电与矿产开发过程中要严把环保关,防止植被进一步毁坏。

The characters and classification of bionomics environment in the area of world natural inheritance-the three rivers juxtaposition are disserted. The generating mechanism of the all kinds of bionomics environment is analyzed. The particular physiognomy and terrain is generated through the particular evolvement of geological environment in the area of the three rivers Juxtaposition. The tridimensional clime and the construction of bionomics environment were generated through joint action of atmosphere circumfluence and the physiognomy in the area of the three rivers Juxtaposition. The regional rainfall can be im- proved by vegetation. The regional clime and bionomics environment can be mutually improved. Developing vegetation and expanding water area is the basic way to protect and improve bionomics environment in the area of the three rivers juxtaposition.