海南三亚斑节对虾野生种群mtDNA 16S rRNA基因和控制区序列的多态性

Polymorphism of mtDNA 16S rRNA gene and control region sequence in Penaeus monodon of Sanya,Hainan

采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术对海南三亚野生斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)20个个体的mtDNA 16S rRNA基因和控制区序列进行扩增,PCR产物经纯化后进行测序,得到16S rRNA基因的495 bp的核苷酸序列和控制区序列470 bp的核苷酸片段。用Clustal X软件对16S rRNA和控制区序列进行了比对,通过ARLEQUIN 2000软件对所得线粒体16S rRNA基因片段和控制区序列进行了比较分析。16S rRNA序列检测出17个多态位点,8种单倍型；控制区序列检测出100个多态位点,17种单倍型。该种群16S rRNA序列基因多样度(H)和碱基多样度(π)分别为0．700和0．0045；控制区序列的H和π分别为0．984和0．0480。研究结果表明：16S rRNA序列不适应斑节对虾的种群遗传多样性分析；控制区序列适应斑节对虾种群遗传多样性研究。

Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） technique was used to amplify the mtDNA 16S rRNA gene and control region from 20 wild individuals of Penaeus monodon caught from Sanya of Hainan. The PCR products were purified and sequenced. As a result, a 495 bp sequence of mtDNA 16S rRNA gene and a 470 bp sequence of mtDNA control region were obtained （ some of the marginal sequences were excluded）. The sequences were then aligned and analysed by Clustal X and ARLEQUIN 2000. 17 polymorphic sites and 8 haplotypes were detected from the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences while 100 polymorphic sites and 17 haplotypes were detected from the partial mitochondrial control region sequences. The haplotype diversity （H） and the nucleotide diversity （π） were 0. 7000 and 0. 0045 respectively among 20 individuals of P. monodon based on the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences, while H and π were 0. 984 and 0. 0480 respectively based on the partial mitochondrial control region sequences. In conclusion, application of mtDNA 16S rRNA analysis in P. monodon population genetic diversity study may be limited. However, mtDNA control region is an ideal marker for analysis of P. monodon population genetic diversity.