一种基于振动舒适性的山地自行车后悬架参数设计方法

Vibrant Comfort-Based Parameterization for Mountain Bike Rear Suspension

采用实验方法,比较了在不同频率简谐激励下后悬架配有不同类型减振器时全减振山地自行车车架的振动特性,发现在一定频率范围内弹簧减振器具有良好的减振效果.通过对具有弹簧减振器后悬架山地车的车架振动实验验证了该车架动态仿真模型的正确性,在此基础上建立了整车动态仿真模型.借鉴国际标准ISO2631-1中人体承受全身振动的评价方法,给出了自行车骑行过程中振动舒适性的评价指标.采用均匀设计试验法进行了整车动态仿真实验,并通过逐步回归分析找到了减振器刚度和结构尺寸等后悬架设计参数与评价指标之间的映射关系,同时利用规划求解方法对设计参数进行了优化.研究过程为山地自行车后悬架的设计提供了一种有效方法.

The effect of shock absorbers was investigated by comparing the measured dynamic responses of the mountain bike frame mounted different shock absorbers subjected to harmonic excitation. The experimental results show that the performance of the spring absorber is as good as those of the oil absorber and the gas absorber within specific frequency ranges. The dynamic model of the mountain bike frame, which was verified by the experiment, was then developed to the whole model of the mountain bike for the dynamic simulation. In the optimization of the mountain bike rear suspension, the evaluating standard of vibrant comfort was presented by referring to the ISO2631-1 Mechanical Vibration and Shock-Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-Body Vibration. Based on the dynamic simulation of the mountain bike, the mapping relationship between the standard of vibrant comfort and the design parameters for the rear suspension, such as the stiffness of the rear suspension absorber and the dimensions of the suspension structure, was obtained using uniform design and stepwise regression analysis, and the optimized parameters were also determined. This study provides an available method to the design of mountain bike rear suspension.