山东中华按蚊传播间日疟的研究

STUDY ON TRANSMISSION OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX BYANOPHELES SINENSIS IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

本文报告了１９７３～１９９４年对山东中华按蚊传播间日疟的系统研究结果。在７０年代暴发流行期间感染率为０．４７％，病家蚊经饲养后解剖感染率为１３．２％；实验观察人工感染蚊虫感染率为３６．１％，其中腺子孢子阳性率为１７％，胃部囊合子阳性率为２３．３％；鲁东半岛疟疾非暴发流行区与鲁西南易暴发流行区中华按蚊对间日疟原虫的易感染性无显著性差异；间日疟原虫在中华按蚊体内发育的起点温度为１４．９℃，有效积温为１０５．１５℃；传播间日疟的媒介能量年内季节变化与年度变化均与发病情况较为一致。自１９８２年以来，其能量稳定地处在低水平。此结果提示，若无大量传染源输入，不会造成疟疾大流行。

The present paper reported the results of the systemic study on transmission of P. vivax by A. sinensis in Shandong province,which was carried out from 1973 to 1994. It was showed that the natural infection rate of P. vivax in A. sinensis was 0.47%;the infection rate in patients house was 13.2%;artificial infection rate was 36.1% with 17% of porozoite positive rate in salivary gland and 23.3% of oocyst positive rate in the midgut,the susceptivity of A. sinensis to P. vivax in nonendemic area of the eastern peninsula of Shandong province was not significantly different from that in the southwest of the province,where malaria outbreak happened easily before;the temperature for the start of development of P. vivax in the mosquito was 14.9℃ and effective accumulated temperature 105.15℃;the fluctuation of vector capacity for transmission of P. vivax in seasons and in years was coincident with malaria incidence. The vector capacity has remained at a low level since 1982,indicating no serious prevalance of malaria without a great influx of infection sources.