中草药对斑节对虾生长、饲料利用和肌肉营养成分的影响

Effects of traditional Chinese medicines on growth, feed utilization and biochemical composition in muscle of juvenile shrimp, Penaeus monodon

研究了中草药对斑节对虾Penaeusmonodon(初始体重0.30g.尾-1)生长性能、饲料利用以及肌肉营养成分和氨基酸的影响。6种实验饲料(按顺序分别为1,2,3,4,5和6)中中草药的添加量分别为0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0和8.0g·kg-1饲料。除了饲料2之外,斑节对虾的成活率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率都显著(P<0.05)优于对照组(饲料1)。投喂饲料3的斑节对虾增重率与对照组相比,虽然统计学上不存在显著差异,但有较大幅度的提高。投喂添加中草药的饲料对斑节对虾肌肉的水分和蛋白质含量无显著影响,但脂肪含量明显下降。结果表明,斑节对虾饲料中添加适量的中草药能够促进生长、显著提高成活率和降低饲料系数,并改变斑节对虾肌肉中脂肪含量和氨基酸组成。

This study was conducted to determine the weight gain （WG）, survival, feed conversion （FCR）, and biological composition and amino acids in the muscle of Penaeus monodon juvenile （initial weight 0. 30 g） . Shrimp were fed six different diets： diet 1 was a basal diet, diet 2, diet 3, diet 4, diet 5 and diet 6 were supplemented with 0. 5, 1.0, 2. 0, 4.0 and 8.0 g traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） per kg diet, respectively. Survival, FCR and PER of the shrimp fed trial diets were superior to the control significandy （P 〈 O. 05 ） except for diet 2. WG of the shrimp fed diet 3 were higher than diet 1, but there was not significantly different. There was no significant difference in the percent of moisture and protein in the muscle of shrimp fed test diets compared with the con- trol. However, the content of lipid decreased when the TCMs increased in the diets. The result showed that optimal dietary TCMs levels could raise the survival and growth, and change the content of lipid and amino acids in the muscle of tiger shrimp.