LAMP法在水产动物病原快速检测中的应用

Application of LAMP in the rapid detection of aquatic animal pathogens

近年来，一种新的恒温核酸扩增方法LAMP法（loop-mediated isothermal amplification），即环介导等温扩增法已经被开发利用。它采用能特异识别靶序列上6个位点的4条引物及一种具有链置换活性的DNA聚合酶（Bst DNA polymerase），在恒温条件（60～65℃），不到1h的时间里进行核酸扩增，其扩增效率可达到10^9～10^10个数量级，具有特异性强、等温灵敏、操作简单、产物易检测等优点。LAMP法已经被用来快速检测水产动物病原（细菌、病毒、寄生虫）。文章就LAMP法的反应原理、引物设计及其在水产动物病原快速检测中的应用等做简要的综述。

In recent years, a novel isothermal method of nucleic acid amplification known as loop-mediated isothermal amplification （LAMP） has been developed. The LAMP method employs four primers which specifically recognize six distinct sequences on the target DNA and a Bst polymerase that has a strand displacement activity. The target DNA can be amplified from a few original copies to 109 - 10^10copies in less than an hour under isothermal conditions ranging from 60 to 65℃. The LAMP method has quite a few advantages such as high specificity, isothermal conditions, high sensitivity, simple operation, and simple detection for the LAMP reaction products. The LAMP method has been used for the rapid detection of aquatic animal pathogens （bacteria, virus, parasite） . This review briefly summarizes the principle of LAMP, design of primers, and the application for the rapid detection of aquatic animal pathogens.