柔性曲面形状检测传感网络设计

Sensor network design for flexible surface shape measurement

用光纤光栅(FBG)设计了曲面传感阵列,利用了空分复用和波分复用技术构建传感网络检测系统。传感器的数目根据检测仪器的最大解调范围确定;传感器的位置分布由振动波传播理论确定。综合考虑曲面应力状况和变形特点,在振幅最大的位置布置传感器,在曲面应变大的位置布置稠密,反之稀疏。根据曲面变形的有限元模型,实现了模拟太阳能帆板柔性曲面传感网络设计,并对传感网络的检测精度进行测试。实验表明,传感网络中传感器波长改变与曲面变形位移具有良好的线性关系,传感网络中传感器位置合理,传感网络能够检测帆板曲面样机的多种变形。传感器封装长度保持40 mm时,传感器测试误差仅为0.4%,柔性曲面测试误差<4%。

A sensor array was configured using Fiber Bragg Grating （FBG） sensors for building a sensor network with the technologies of Spatial Division Multiplexing （SDM） and Wavelength Division Multiplexing （WDM）. The number of sensors was determined according to the scope of demodulation device, and distributions were determined based on the wave transmitting theory. In combination with the strain and the deformation of a surface, these sensors were distributed at the maxmum amplitude with dense distribution for bigger strain and sparse distribution for smaller. Based on the finite element analysis of the surface,the sensor network in a solar array was simulated. Furthermore,the precision of the sensor array system was calibrated. Experimental results show that there is a linear relationship between the wavelength shifts and the deformation displacements. The distributions of the sensors are in reason and the sensor network could measure many deformations of the surface. The measurement error of sensor is only 0.4% and the flexible error of surface measurement is 4% if the length of FBG packaging is less than 40 mm.