中学生心理健康素质特点研究--兼谈心理健康研究中的几个问题

A Research About the Characteristics of High School Students' Mental Health Diathesis

对2506名初中生、高中生的心理健康素质进行测评分析,探讨中学生适应状态与人际素质、个性素质、动力系统、自我、认知风格、归因风格和应对风格的特点及其关系。结果表明,初中生在适应、人际素质、个性素质、动力系统等方面的得分均显著高于高中生;男生的认知风格倾向于依赖场景,比较灵活、独立和有冒险性,归因方式倾向于内在、稳定、可控和整体,女生的动力系统显著强于男生;城市中学生在人际素质、动力系统和自我方面显著高于农村学生,其应对策略和方法比较灵活多变;一般学校学生的适应状态、人际素质和个性素质显著高于重点学校学生;不同类型中学生在心理健康素质各维度构成因子方面也表现出一定差异。提示个性素质、自我、人际素质、应对风格和动力系统等协调发展,对培养和完善中学生心理健康素质,改善适应状态,提高心理健康水平至关重要。

Using the questionnaire for the mental health diathesis of adolescents, the authors tested 2506 junior high school and senior high school students＇ mental health diathesis and discussed the nature and relationship of high school student＇s adaptation ability, interpersonal relationship, personality, dynamical system, self, cognitive style, attribution style, and coping style. The results reveal that their adaptation ability, interpersonal relationship, personality, dynamical system are significantly higher than those of senior high school students; the mental health of junior high school students is better; the cognitive style of male students is more dependent on the environment, quicker, more independent and venturesome; their attribution style is more internal, stable, controllable, and holistic; the dynamical system of female students is better than that of male students; the interpersonal relationship, dynamical system, and self of urban students are significantly higher than those of rural students, and the coping strategies and methods are more flexible; the adaptation ability, interpersonal relationship, and personality of students from ordinary schools are significantly higher than those from the first-rate schools. In all the factors constituting the dimension of mental health, different students show different characteristics. The investigation implies that the harmonious development of personality, self, interpersonal relationship, coping style is vital mental health and adaptation ability.