河南省各地区主要作物生态需水研究

Ecological Water Demand Research on Henan Province's Main Crop

结合河南省1951—2003年的气象资料及土壤需水情况,计算出河南省各地区小麦、玉米各生长期的生态需水量、缺水量.结果表明,河南省各地区的小麦、玉米在生长期内都存在缺水现象:小麦缺水相对严重,最大缺水量出现在鹤壁,生长期缺水额度为584.3 mm,生长关键期缺水较严重,最大缺水量为386.2 mm;玉米生长期最大缺水量出现在三门峡,缺水额度为274.4 mm,生长关键期缺水242.5 mm.

This paper combined the meteorological data in 1951-2003, and soil water demand, figured out the ecological water demand and ecological water deficit in the growth period of wheat and corn in Henan province. The results indicate that water deficit occurs during the growth period of wheat and corn in Henan province, especially in the key growth period. Water deficit of wheat is larger, the largest water deficit appears in Hebi city, with water deficit of 584.3 mm in the growth period, especially in the key growth period water deficit reach 386.2 mm. The largest water deficit of corn apperars in San Menxia city, water deficit reach 274.4 mm in the growth period while reach 242.5 mm in the key growth period.