福建牛姆林自然保护区蕨类植物区系分析

Floristic analysis of Pteridophyte in Niumulin Nature Reserve in Fujian Province

在野外调查与资料查阅的基础上,对福建牛姆林自然保护区蕨类植物资源进行区系分析。结果表明:该区约有蕨类植物33科55属92种,主要科为水龙骨科、金星蕨科、乌毛蕨科、凤尾蕨科、卷柏科、蹄盖蕨科等;优势属为凤尾蕨属、卷柏属、线蕨属等;中华里白、金毛狗、福建莲座蕨、乌毛蕨、狗脊蕨等具有热带和亚热带性质的蕨类构成了天然林的主要草本层与林缘。科的分布区类型只有6个,热带分布型有22科,占总科数95.65%(世界分布除外);属的分布区类型有9个,热带分布型有41属,占总属数(世界分布除外)的93.18%,R/T值为13.67;种的地理分布分属7个类型,以热带分布成分(47.19%)、东亚分布成分(33.71%)、中国特有成分(17.98%)突出。在中国蕨类植物区系分区上,牛姆林自然保护区属东亚蕨类植物区,处于华东-华中植物地区与华南植物地区的过渡区域。

Based on the field investigation and reference collection, the floristic analysis of pteridophyte in Niumulin Nature Reserve was studied. The results indicated that in Niumulin Nature Reserve there were about 92 species of fern belonging to 55 genera in 33 families. The dominant families included Polypodiaceae, Thelypteridaceae, Blechnaceae, Pteridaceae, Selaginellaceae, Athyriaceae, etc. The dominant genera were Pteris, Selaginella and Colysis, etc. Some tropic or subtropic species such as Hicriopteris chlnensis, Cibotium barometz, Angiopteris fokienensis, Blechnum orientale, Woodwardia japonica were the main compositions of the herbaceous layer and forest boundary. The areal-types of families were ordy 6, tropic distributing type was the main element and included 22 families accounting for 95.65 % of overall families （excepting the cosmopolitan element）. The areal-types of genera were 9 with 41.genera accounting for 93.18 % of total genera （excepting the cosmopolitan element） were tropic distributing type. The value of R/T was 13.67. On 7 areal-types of genera, the tropic element（47.19% ）, the Eastern-Asia element（33. 71% ）and the Chinese endemic element（17.98% ）were rather outstanding. In terms of the China pteridophytic floristic zone, the ferns flora in Niumulin Nature Reserve belonged to East Asiatic kingdom lay in a transitional region between central-eastern China region and Southen China region.