摘要
随着空间的开发利用,空间碎片与日俱增,对航天器的危害已不容忽视。作为航天器健康诊断系统和空间环境监测的空间碎片在轨撞击监测技术,可以提供航天器遭受空间碎片撞击的位置、撞击的严重程度分析、损伤模式识别,同时提供空间碎片的质量、速度、撞击的角度等空间碎片的环境参数,这些信息能够帮助地面工作人员和设计人员采取有效和措施来对维持航天器的正常工作和保证航天员的安全。在轨监测系统的重要性已为世界各国所共识。对目前应用于空间碎片在轨监测技术的原理进行了研究,主要包括声发射技术,PVDF压电薄膜技术,电容传感技术等,同时对监测技术的可行性和应用现状进行了分析,提出了存在的问题和发展的趋势。
With the increasing launch of spacecraft and satellites into orbit, space debris presents a challenging problem for scientists to solve and it is a problem that needs a solution rapidly. It is indispensable to develop a ＂nervous system＂ to monitor the health of the spacecraft in order to detect, locate and assess impact damage when the spacecrafts is impacted by hypervelocity space debris and micrometeoroids. Meanwhile, the sensing-system can be served as a space debris detector to provide the mass, velocity and trajectory of the impactors. This information can help operators and designers at the ground station take effective measures to maintain the function of spacecraft, and the safety of cosmonauts. By analyzing the current development of nondestructive detective techniques such as acoustic mission, PVDF and capacitance sensor, some suggestions are given for the development of in-situ impact-sensing-system.
出处
《强度与环境》
2008年第1期57-64,共8页
Structure & Environment Engineering
关键词
空间碎片
高速撞击
在轨监测
space debris
hypervelocity impact
nondestructive detective techniques
