肝肾联合移植术后使用免疫抑制剂的观察及护理

Observation and nursing care of patients accepting immunosuppressant after undergoing combined liver and kidney transplantation

[目的]观察肝肾联合移植术后常用免疫抑制剂的不良反应及并发症,并提出相关护理对策。[方法]对16例肝肾移植病人使用免疫抑制剂后的护理措施进行回顾性分析。[结果]16例病人有1例出现肝功能异常,4例出现肾功能异常,12例出现高血糖,6例出现高血压,1例出现精神症状,调整免疫抑制剂的使用,采取对症治疗后均好转。[结论]肝肾联合移植术后病人使用免疫抑制剂后应重视用药史、用药健康教育、免疫抑制剂的血药浓度监测,注意对肝肾功能、高血糖、高血压、精神症状等药物不良反应的病情观察及护理。

Objective： To observe adverse mon immunosuppressant of patients after reactions and.complications of comundergoing combined liver and kidney transplantation so as to put forward some related nursing strategies. Methods： Nursing strategies of 16 patients undergoing combined liver and kidney transplantation and using immunosuppressant have been retrospectively analyzed. Results： Among all 16 cases accepted immunosuppressant after un- dergoing combined liver and kidney transplantation, one case had abnormal liver function, four cases had abnormal renal function, 12 cases had hyperglycemia, six cases had hypertension, one had psychiatric symptom. All these symptoms were improved after adjusting immunosuppressant and symptomatic treatment. Conclusion： Medication history, medication health education, monitoring blood drug level of patients accepting immunosuppressant after undergoing combined liver and kidney transplantation should be thought highly of. One should pay attention to the observation and nursing care of patients on adverse reactions of medicines such as liver and renal function, hyperglycemia, hypertension and psychiatric symptoms.