利用管氏肿腿蜂防治光肩星天牛技术研究

Studies on biological control of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) with a parasitoid, Sclerodermus guani (Hymenoptera:Bethylidae)

光肩星天牛Anoplophora glabripennis是我国重大的森林害虫，对我国造林绿化和林业生态工程建设造成了严重危害。由于其为蛀干害虫，隐蔽性生活，难以防治。利用天敌开展生物防治是控制天牛的重要措施，作者研究探讨了利用管氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus guani防治光肩星天牛技术。测定了管氏肿腿蜂对光肩星天牛1～3龄幼虫的室内控制作用，研究了林间防治防治技术。结果表明，在室内试验条件下，管氏肿腿蜂由于是抑性外寄生性，其产卵之前的刺蛰可造成天牛幼虫直接死亡，对1、2、3龄幼虫的平均致死率分别为100％、92．10％和87．29％；可寄生3龄天牛幼虫。在管氏肿腿蜂防治光肩星天牛小幼虫的林间试验中，管氏肿腿蜂对光肩星天牛小幼虫的致死率为27．79％-37．87％，平均为32．51％，放蜂比例以蜂虫比8-10：1的寄生率最高。

The asian lonhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis （ Coleoptera ： Cerambycidae） is one of the most important insect pests and the great losses have been caused by it on the greening and the construction project of forest ecology and environment in China. The present control measures can not make its population under the level accepted by economy and ecology because of its concealed living behavior. In order to provide an effective biological control technique, we carried out the biocontrol study by using a parasitoid, Sclerodermus guani （Hymenoptera： Bethylidae） , and the experiments of controlling larva of A. glabripennis showed good results. The conclusions are as follows： laboratory experiment indicated that Sclerodermus guani could kill 92. 10% of the 1 st -2nd instar larvae, and 87.29% of the 3rd instar larva of the longhorned beetle respectively by maternal direct stinging. In the same time, the second generation adults of S. guani were found during checking, which showed that some of the parasitoid completed a generation on the 3rd instar host larvae. The field experiment showed that the 1st -3rd instar larvae of the cerambycid could also be controlled by the parasitoid. The parasitism ratio was 27.79% on an average. It was indicated that good control results has been achieved with the parasitoid ratio and host 8 -10 ： 1 during releasing.