蔗糖浓度和光强对姜试管苗生长和光合的影响

Effects of Sucrose Concentration and Light Intensity on Growth and Photosynthesis of Ginger Plantlets in vitro

研究了0%、1%、3%三个蔗糖浓度和60、120、180μmolm-2s-1三个光强梯度对河南张良姜和四川竹根姜试管苗生长和光合作用的影响.结果表明,随着蔗糖浓度的降低,两个品种试管苗的生长受到明显抑制,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量也随之下降,但总光合速率(Pg)、净光合速率(Pn)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)却随之升高,Fv/Fm均以3%蔗糖处理最低.将光强从60μmolm-2s-1提高到120μmolm-2s-1,对试管苗生长有一定促进作用,但180μmolm-2s-1光强下其生长受到抑制.两个品种的叶绿素含量随光强增加均呈下降趋势.张良姜Pn以120μmolm-2s-1光强处理最高,竹根姜Pn随培养光强升高而升高,180μmolm-2s-1光强下达到最大值,为0.88μmolm-2s-1.180μmolm-2s-1光强下培养的张良姜试管苗Fv/Fm明显降低,发生了光抑制.竹根姜各光强处理间Fv/Fm无显著差异.张良姜试管苗的Rd随培养光强升高而增大,而竹根姜各光强处理间R差异不显著.

The growth and photosynthesis of ginger plantlets in vitro in response to the three different sucrose concentrations （0% , 1%, 3% ） and three different photosynthetic photon fluxes （60, 120, 180 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 ） were investigated. The results showed that as the sucrose concentration decreased, the growth of the plantlets of two cuhivars （ Henan Zhangliang and Sichuan Zhugen） was restrained, the chlorophyll and carotenoid content reduced, and the gross photosynthesis （Pg） , net photosynthesis （Pn） and dark respiration rate （Rd ） increased. Fv/Fm was the lowest at 3% sucrose concentration. When the light intensity was elevated from 60 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 to 120 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, the growth of the plantlets of the two cultivars was promoted. However, the growth was restrained when the light reached 180 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. The chlorophyll content decreased as the light intensity increased. The Pn of Zhangliang ginger was greatest when cultured under the light intensity of 120 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. The P, of Zhugen ginger increased as the culture light intensity increased and reached 0.88 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 , the highest value when measured under 180 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 light intensity. The Zhangliang ginger cultured under 180 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 had a significantly lower Fv/Fm , showing that it had suffered photoinhibition. However, no differences were observed in the three treatments of Zhugen ginger. As the light intensity increased, the Rd increased in Zhangliang ginger, but no such difference was found in Zhugen ginger.