编队星座相对位置精确测定与自主定轨方法

Autonomous orbit determination and precise measurement of relative position of formation constellation

针对编队飞行星座,提出了一种全自主的高精度定轨与相对位置精确测定方法,对其主要关键技术之一的空间绝对定向的基本方案及其可行性和指标进行了研究,并进行了仿真验证.结果表明,通过编队星座星间高精度的距离测量和绝对定向观测,可以实现无需地面测控站和卫星导航系统支持下的编队星座全自主导航方案;在一定测距和测向误差条件下,绝对定轨精度可以优于20m,相对位置确定精度可优于10 cm.相对误差与采样间隔有较明显关系,未来可考虑采样间隔控制在10 s以内即可;绝对位置误差大小与采样间隔无明显关系,其中的主要误差是星座的整体平移误差.仿真结果验证了所提方案的正确性.

A fully autonomous, highly precise method of orbit determination and measurement of relative position for formation constellation was proposed, and the basic scheme, its feasibility and engineering specifications of space absolute orientation one of the key techniques of autonomous orbit determination were studied. Lastly, validation by using of simulation was carried out. The simulation results indicate that fully autonomous navigation of formation constellation without supports from ground stations and satellite navigation system can be realized by means of highly precise measurement of distance and absolute orientation observation between satellites in the formation constellation; And at the certain error conditions of distance and orientation measurement, the precision of absolute orbit determination can be better than 20 m and precision of relative position measurement can be better than 10 cm; Relative error has obvious relationship with sampling interval time, and this interval time is recommended to be selected within 10 s; Absolute positioning error does not have obvious relationship with sampling interval time, and the main error source is the whole parallel transformation of constellation. The simulation results validate the correctness of proposed scheme.