小说的冒险与小说术的迷幻:论苏珊·桑塔格的《恩主》

The Adventure of Fiction and Fantasy of Narrative Technology:On The Benefactor by Susan Sontag

桑塔格的小说创作与其批评理论及美学观念息息相关。《恩主》文本中,故事情节被消解,人物与叙事者都被驱逐。在种种叙事策略之后,小说最后只剩下可被分析的叙事形式迷宫和空壳,从而向世人宣告作者与读者之间的信任关系的终结。此种影响可以追溯到20世纪50年代法国"新小说"强调的对小说传统叙事形式的摒弃。但艺术不是技术,正如小说并非小说术。桑塔格在文本里的实验技术成功之时,是小说艺术失败之日,其创作实质是在卓越批评观念直接影响下的不成功的实验。

There is a vital influence on Sontag＇ s fiction-writing from her literary theory. In The r, the plot has been deconstructed and the narrator banished, and finally there is formal labyrinth left after those narrative skills. The Benefactor declares the end of the trustful relationship between writer and reader. The antiroman in the 1950s insists on abandoning the traditional narration, and their declaration has an important influence on Sontag＇ s narration. But fiction is not narrative technology just as art is not artistic skill. Therefore, The Benefactor is an unsuccessful experiment directed by the writer＇s critical theory.