城市不同土地利用类型下弹尾类类群的多样性研究

Diversity on Collembola in the Land with Different Types of Utilization

以临汾市尧都区为例,探讨城市生态系统中四种不同土地利用类型下弹尾类的分布特点.利用干漏斗法(Tu llgern)对其进行抽样调查,采用传统的分类方法对标本进行了鉴定和分类,对弹尾类类群的种群组成、多样性等方面进行了统计分析.结果为:获得弹尾类个体1492个,分属8科18属,其中,等节跳科(Isotom idae)有7属,其中又以等节跳属(Isotoma)个体数占绝对优势.不同土地利用类型对弹尾类类群的种群组成有影响,生长繁茂的人工林中所含的属数和个体数量都最为丰富.其次为草地.而受人工影响比较大的农田和受沉降物污染严重的环境,无论是数量还是种类,都明显减少.不同群落组成成分及各项指标差异显著.弹尾类群落多样性指数(H′)和均匀度指数(E)均表现为人工林(草地(农田(污染生境,而优势度指数(C)为污染环境(农田(草地(人工林.

Taking Yaodu District of Linfen as a case, the author inquired into the distribution of Collembola in four different land use forms, namely artificial woodland, grassland, farmland and polluted environment. Sample drawing from them by Tullgren. Isolated and identified by their morphology. Analyzed the communities in composition and biodiversity. The main results were as fol- lows： We collected 1492 individuals of soil Collembola in four habitats, and found that they belonged to 8 families and 18 genera. There Were 7 genera in Isotomidae. Among them, the individual number of Isotoma took the absolute predominance. The composition of Collembola were affected by different types of utilization. The most abundant quantity in lush growth of the Artificial woodland, Grassland take the second place. However, Farmland and the polluted ecological environment, Whether quantity or type, they have obvious decline. There were marked difference among composition of Soil Colle/nbola community in different habitats. The diversity index （ H＇ ） and the evenness index （ E ） of Collembola showing artificial woodland 〉 grassland 〉 farmland 〉 polluted environment; However, The dominance index （ C ） showing polluted environment 〉 farmland 〉 grassland 〉 artificial woodland.