碱煮和氧漂对汉麻织物染色性能的影响

Effect of boiling and bleaching on the dyeing properties of hemp fabric

以提高汉麻织物染色深度为目的，采用正交设计方法对碱煮练和漂白工艺进行了分析，并对碱煮练助剂进行了优化。结果表明，碱煮练最佳工艺为：氢氧化钠10g／L，亚硫酸钠3g／L，硅酸钠2g／L，浴比1：20，温度80℃，时间90min。使用多聚磷酸钠作助剂，可以提高碱煮练汉麻织物的染色深度。漂白最佳工艺为：双氧水8g／L，温度85℃，时间90min，pH值10～11，浴比1：20。漂白次数对汉麻织物染色性能有一定影响，两次漂白效果最好。

Aiming at the deep color of hemp fabric, the processes of boiling and bleaching were analyzed based on the statistical method. The chemical reagents for boiling were also optimized. The results showed that the optimum parameters for boiling were given sodium hydroxide was 10 g/L. sodium sulfite was 3 g/L, sodium silicate was 2 g/L, liquid ratio was 1 ： 20, temperature was 80℃ and time was 90 min. The deep color of hemp fabric treated by using sodium polyphosphate in the boiling liquid was obtained. The optimum parameters for bleaching were also given： H2O2 was 8 g/L. temperature was 85℃, time was 90 min, pH value was 10-11 and the liquid ratio was 1 ： 20. The times of bleaching had influence on the dyeing property, and the optimum bleaching times was two.