拔牙术中乙型、丙型肝炎病毒污染的调查及对策

Contaminative Status of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus during Dental Extraction Investigation and Protection

目的对常规拔牙术中乙型、丙型肝炎病毒污染情况进行调查,进一步控制医源性感染。方法随机抽取500例门诊拔牙患者的术中止血棉球,分别浸入2个(A、B)盛有1 ml生理盐水的无菌试管内,其浸出液分别用两种方法进行肝炎病毒检测。结果A组(HBsAg)检测到40例阳性(8.00%),B组(IgG)检测到12例阳性(2.40%),HBsAg和IgG检测到A组和B组同时阳性2例(0.40%);500例门诊拔牙患者中检测到被肝炎病毒感染的有54例,占调查总人数的10.8%。结论口腔门诊乙型、丙型肝炎感染率很高,迫切要求口腔医务工作者要加强职业防护,有效防治肝炎病毒通过口腔科诊疗传播。

Objective To investigate the contaminative status of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C virus during dental extraction, so as to further control nosocomial infection. Methods The total of 500 hemostatic cotton balls were collected randomly during dental extraction and dipped into 2 aseptic tubes （A and B） with lml normal saline. Hepatitis virus was examined by 2 means in the solutions. Results Forty （8.00%）solutions were positive during HBsAg antibody tests in group A, 12 （2.40%） was positive in group B, 2（0. 40%） in both group A and B. Fifty-four（10.80%） patient were found positive of hepatitis virus among the 500 patients. Conclusion Hepatitis Virus B and C have high rates of infection. It is urgent to strengthen occupational protection among dental health personnel so as to prevent hepatitis virus spreading through department of stomatology.