三级重接式电磁发射系统的仿真与实验

Simulation and Experimental Research of a Three-Stage Reconnection Electromagnetic Launch System

重接式电磁发射是一种利用磁力线重接来推动发射体前进的电磁发射形式,发射体受力正比于线圈电感梯度与回路电流二次方的乘积。设计建造了三级重接式电磁发射实验系统,该系统使用箱形线圈和板状发射体,并采用脉冲电容器组作储能元件。基于重接式电磁发射的电路方程和运动方程,并结合实验系统参数的实测与拟合,用四阶Runge-Kutta法建立了发射体运动过程的数值仿真模型。实验结果与仿真所得运动规律相一致。在三级发射过程中,发射体经历三次加速,每次加速都在各级电容器组向线圈放电后很短的时间和距离内完成,发射体终速度明显随电容器组初始充电电压增大而增大。当电容器组初始充电电压为4000V时,质量为160g的发射体获得的三级发射终速度为27.1m/s。

The reconnection electromagnetic launch is a form of electromagnetic launch that utilizes the magnetic field line reconnection to accelerate a projectile. The force on the projectile is proportional to the product of the coil inductance gradient and the square of the circuit current. A three-stage reconnection electromagnetic launch experimental system using the box-shaped coils and the fiat plate projectile was designed and built. The pulsed capacitor banks were used as the energy store components. Combined with the data measurement and curve fitting from the experimental system, the numerical integral simulation model of the projectile motion course was established with the four-order Runge-Kutta method on the basis of the circuit equation and the motion equation of the reconnection electromagnetic launch. The experimental results are in accordance with the motion laws acquired from the numerical simulations. During the course of the three-stage launch, the projectile experiences three acceleration processes, and every acceleration process is completed within the short time and short distance after each capacitor bank discharges to the coil. The final velocity of the projectile rises with the increased initial voltage of the capacitor banks apparently. When the capacitor banks are charged to an initial voltage of 4000V, the final velocity of the 160 g projectile by the three-stage launch reaches 27.1m/s.