处理生态住宅区雨水径流的人工湿地运行特性研究

Performance of Constructed Wetland for Treatment of Stormwater Runoff in Eco-residential Area

结合重庆市某生态住宅区的雨水资源化利用工程,分析了雨水径流的水质、水量特征,并对处理该雨水径流的人工湿地的运行特性及不同运行方式下的除污效果进行了研究,以期为类似住宅区人工湿地的设计、运行管理提供参考。结果表明,在降雨量较大的南方城市,建有分流制管网的新开发住宅区的雨水水质较好,具有资源化利用优势;在恒定流量下,人工湿地系统对雨水的净化效果良好,出水水质能达到《城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质》(GB/T18921—2002)的要求;人工湿地系统能够承受短期的高强度冲击负荷;在设计调蓄池时,其调蓄容积宜大于或等于所汇集的初期雨水水量,以便最大程度地消除溢流对环境的影响和初始冲刷效应对构筑物造成的冲击。

Combined with the stormwater reuse engineering in an eco-residential area of Chongqing , the quality and quantity of stormwater runoff were analyzed, and the performance of constructed wetland treating stormwater runoff and the pollutant removal efficiency in different conditions were investigated in order to aid the design, operation and maintenance of similar constructed wetland in residential areas. Theresults show that in South China with heavy rainfall, the stormwater runoff has the potential of utilization in new developed residential areas with separate system for its relatively good water quality. The constructed wetland has a good purification effect on stormwater in constant inflow condition and the outflow quality can meet the requirement in the Reuse of Urban Recycling Water--Water Quality Standard for Scenic Environment Use （GB/T 18921 -2002 ）. The constructed wetland can withstand short-term stronger shock load. In order to reduce the adverse effect of overflow on the environment and first flush effect on the structures, the volume of detention tank should be more than or equal to that of collected initial stormwater.