“文革”时期放权改革对东北工业的影响

Impact of the Reform of Power Devolution on the Industry of Northeast China During the"Cul-tural Revolution"

毛泽东在20世纪六七十年代所倡导的放权改革,是中国工业发展进程中又一次探索。东北地区作为最重要的重化工业基地,此次放权改革对其影响甚大:一方面使国有大中型企业的设备更新、技术改造推后,工业生产受到影响;另一方面却促进了东北"五小"工业的大发展。此次放权改革背景下的东北工业体制经历了由收到放的不成功探索,其运行则经历了一个停滞与推进、徘徊与勃兴的逆向互动过程。

The reform of power devolution initiated by Mao Zedong in the 1960s and 1970s was another exploration in the course of industrial development in China.The reform had great impact on Northeast China as the most important base of heavy and chemical industries:on the one hand, it postponed the equipment renewal and technical transtormation in the state-owned large and medi- um-sized enterprises and adversely affected the industrial production;on the other hand,it promot- ed vigorous develoOpment of the five kinds of small industrial enterprises in the Northeast.The in- dustrial institution in Northeast China against the background of the reform suffered from an unsuc- cessful exploration from centralization to deccentralization and the industrial operation underwent a reverse interaction between stagnation and pressing forward and between hesitation and vigorous growth.