行政法学方法论的反思与调整——基于法治国理念的变迁

Rethinking and Adjusting the Methodology of Discipline of Administrative Law——Based on the change of rule-of-law value

面对日益复杂的公共行政事务,传统的行政法学方法论已经无法承担相应的功能。在多元法治国的背景下,行政法学方法论无法固守传统的行政行为型式论,而新兴的行政过程论和法关系论毋宁是动态化的行政行为型式论,亦无法应对公共行政的发展。因此,有必要实现行政法学方法论的调整,逐渐使行政法学趋向更为严谨、实用的社会化研究。具体包括:在体系构建上,应通过学理体系的变革,使行政法学成为公共行政与社会现实联结的纽带,以发挥行政法学的实际效用;在方法论上,吸纳其他社会科学方法,走出传统的规范思维,避免行政法学对行政法专业领域的失语状态;在本体论上,将对行政行为的控制方式从规制转向管制,侧重公共福利之实现,实现行政管制方式的多元化,从政策决定、程序规制和技术规范三个层面实现行政行为的深层次正义。

Facing ever-increasingly complicated public administrative affairs, traditional methodology of discipline of administrative law has failed to function. It, under diversified situations of rule - of - law state, can never keep up with the development of public administration, whether conversional or newly - booming mode theories. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct its adjustment and make it more precise and practical. The paper suggests the following measures： in establishing system, we should bridge public administration and social reality through the change of principle system, so as to play the role of administrative law in practice ; in methodology, we should walk out off reserved thinking and absorb ways of other social sciences to avoid the ailing state of administrative law discipline in its professional field ; in ontology, control mode toward adminis- trative behavior should be changed from regulating to ruling, stressing realization of public welfare and completing diversified management. Consequently, we realize a deeper justice in three aspects policy - making, process - regulating and technology - standardizing.