壳聚糖渗透汽化复合膜的研究

Studies on the preparation and properties of chitosan composite pervaporation membranes

用聚丙烯腈（ＰＡＮ）超滤膜为底膜制成的壳聚糖（ＣＳ）复合膜，对乙醇／水溶液的渗透汽化分离性能具有较好的稳定性复合膜用于运行低浓度的乙醇溶液后，再运行质量分数为９５％的乙醇溶液，膜的性能变化不大，稳定性优于均质膜研究了用多种试剂来代替硫酸交联剂处理膜，表明有些可有效地提高膜的渗透选择性，特别是用聚苯乙烯磺酸钾（ＰＳＳＫ）处理，膜的渗透通量达３１０～３３５ｇ／（ｍ２·ｈ），比硫酸处理膜提高近一倍同时还进行了薄分离层复合膜的研制，实验表明，薄分离层ＣＳ复合膜，膜分离系数虽有所下降，而渗透通量显著提高。

The chitosan-polyacrylonitrile (CS/PAN) composite membranes were prepared and used to separate the ethanol-water mixture by pervaporation.The composite membranes show higher stability than the homogeneous membrane.The permselectivity of the composite membrane can be kept after operating in the low ethanol concentration feed solution.More than ten kinds of reagents were used to reat the CS composite membrane instead of sulfuric acid aqueous solution.The experimental results indicated that the composite membrane treated by poly (kalium 4-styrenesulfonate)(PSSK) showed higher permselectivity than that treated by sulfuric acid.The CS ultrathin composite membrane have also been prepared.It was found that the CS ultrathin composite membrane had the excellent permselectivity.Its separation factor and permeability for 95% ethanol aqueous solution were 453 and 810 g/(m 2·h),respectively.