小麦主要农艺性状的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Araits in Wheat

为研究小麦主要农艺性状的遗传规律,利用小麦花药培养技术,构建了小麦杂交组合"豫麦57×花培3号"的DH群体。应用该群体研究了株高、穗下节长、穗长、单株穗数、结实小穗数、不育小穗数、总小穗数、千粒重8个数量性状的遗传力,分别为83%、87.62%,98.3%、31.69%、33.31%、57.4%、43.12%、72.9%。通过各性状偏度和峰度系数的估算,分析了影响各性状的基因数目及基因作用方式。结果表明,控制株高、穗下节长、穗数、不育小穗数和千粒重的基因间无互作,控制穗长的基因间存在互补作用,控制结实小穗数和总小穗数的基因间可能存在重叠作用。

In order to investigate the genetic model of main agronomic traits in wheat,a doubled haploid population was obtained through anther culture from the F1 of a cross between ＂Yumai 57＂ and ＂Huapei 3＂. Based on the analysis of the DH population,the heritability of 8 quantitative traits including plant height,internodal length below spike,spike length ,numbers of spike per plant,fertilized spikelet per spike,sterile spikelet per spike,spikelet per spike,and weight of thousand grains was 83%、87.62%,98.3%、31.69%、33.31%、57.4%、43.12%、72.9% respectively. According to estimated coefficients of skewness and kurtosis of the traits tested,the number of segregating gene and the type of gene interaction of 8 quantitative traits were analyzed. It would be concluded that gene interaction was absent for plant height,internodal length below spike,number of spikes,fertilized spikelet per spike,sterile spikelet per spike and weight of thousand grains. However,complementary gene interaction was found for spike length,while the duplicate interaction was observed for fertilized spikelet per spike and spikelet per spike.