盆栽基质水分含量对安祖花生长发育及氮素吸收的影响

Effect of Matrix Moisture Content on the Growth,Development and Nitrogen Uptake of Anthurium andraeanum

盆栽基质水分含量是制约花卉植物生长发育及其观赏价值的主要因素。以安祖花为试材,研究了基质水分含量对安祖花生长发育及氮素吸收的影响。结果表明,随着缺水时间的延长,叶绿素含量呈逐渐降低的趋势,且缺水越严重下降的幅度越大;栽培基质不同程度的缺水都会降低叶片的含水量,中度和重度缺水4个月,叶片含水量分别比对照低1.90%和1.79%;安祖花的根系活力随基质水分含量的下降而急剧下降,尤其是重度缺水处理下安祖花的根系活力极其微弱;安祖花叶片吸氮量随基质水分含量的降低而降低,在轻度和中度缺水下,根系的吸氮量随基质水分含量的降低而降低,但重度缺水反而导致根系含氮量的升高;水分胁迫还影响植株体内的氮素运转效率,影响程度顺序为T4>T3>T1>T2;基质含水量降低会不同程度地降低安祖花的株高、冠幅、叶数、苞片数、苞片面积、花蕾数、佛焰苞面积以及色泽,尤其是花芽分化期不同水分处理对各形态指标的影响较为严重。

Matrix moisture content play an important role which affect the growth 、development and decorative value of flowers. this experiment used Anthurium andraeanum as material and studied the effect of matrix moisture content on the growth、development and nitrogen uptake of Anthurium andraeanum. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll declined along with time prolonging,and declined extent is larger when water deficit is severe; different water deficit of matrix could reduced the the leaf moisture content,and the leaf moisture content were respectively lower 1.90% and 1.79% than control after four months of moderate and severe water stress; the root activity largely decreased along with reduced matrix moisture content,especially severe water deficit treatment; leaf N-uptake declined along with reduced matrix moisture content and root N-uptake declined under slight and moderate water deficit but rasised under severe water deficit; Water deficit also affected the nitrogen transportation efficiency,the order is T4〉T3〉T1〉T2; reduced matrix moisture content can decreased the height,the crown,the area and the number of leaves,the number and area of bracts,the number and size of blades,the area of spath and colour and lustre of Anthurium andraeanum,especially during the flower bud differentiation.