滨海盐土地膜覆盖对抗虫棉产量和熟相的影响

Effects of Plastic Mulching on Yield and Maturity Performance of Bt Transgenic Cotton in a Costal Saline Field

【研究目的】旨在探索滨海盐碱地地膜覆盖对不同抗虫棉品种的产量和熟相的影响。【方法】以三个不同类型的转Bt基因抗虫棉品种33B、鲁棉研17号、鲁棉研15号为材料,于2004年在东营市滨海盐碱地比较研究了3个品种在露地直播(对照)和地膜覆盖条件下的产量、产量构成、早熟性和熟相表现。【结果】地膜覆盖栽培显著提高了3个品种的产量,33B、鲁棉研17和鲁棉研15覆膜栽培分别比露地栽培增产20.3%、9.0%和12.4%;地膜覆盖显著提高了3个品种的铃数和铃重,但对衣分的影响不大;品种间的熟相差异显著,但同一品种露地和覆膜处理的熟相没有差异。与露地栽培相比,覆盖栽培的33B、鲁棉研17和鲁棉研15的霜前花率分别提高了4.3%、3.5%和2.8%。【结论】地膜覆盖没有促进早衰,却显著提高了棉花的产量和早熟性,是实现抗虫棉早熟高产的重要途径。

OBJECTIVEThe objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of plastic mulching on lint yield and maturity performance of different types of cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.）.METHODThree Bt （Bacillus thuringiensis ） transgenic cotton cultivars,33B,SCRC17 and SCRC15 were grown with or without plastic mulching in a costal saline field in Dongying,Shandong in 2004. With the non-mulching treatments as their respective controls,the effects of plastic mulching on lint yield,yield components,earliness and maturity performance of the 3 varieties were examined.RESULTSThe results showed that plastic mulching significantly increased lint yields of the 3 varieties. 33B、SCRC17and SCRC15 produced 20.3%,9.0% and 12.4% more lint with mulching than without mulching. Plastic mulching increased the number of bolls per unit area and the boll weight,but no effect on lint percentage was found. Maturity performance varied significantly between varieties,but there was no significant difference between non-mulching and mulching. The percentages of pre-frost lint of 33B、SCRC17and SCRC15 were raised by 4.3%、3.5%和2.8% with plastic mulching relative to their non-mulching controls,respectively.CONCLUSIONIt was suggested that plastic mulching could enhance earliness and lint yield rather than premature senescence,thus being an important pathway to realize high yield and early maturity for Bt transgenic cotton.