梨园土壤细菌群落参数及优势细菌的16SrDNA分析

Soil Bacterial Community Parameter Analysis and Identification of Dominant Bacteria with 16SrDNA from Pear Orchard

为探明北京梨园土壤细菌群落结构特征及其施肥后的短期影响,采用培养法和16SrDNA序列分析法,研究了北京顺义区有机化梨园不同季节、不同生物有机肥处理的土壤细菌群落数量分布情况、群落参数及其优势细菌,成功获得了179株表型差异的细菌。菌落、菌体形态特征及优势菌的16SrDNA分析表明,链霉菌属、芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、微球菌属为主要类群,代表着北京顺义地区土壤细菌的种类。多样性分析显示,部分施肥土壤的细菌群落多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度均高于对照,处理间的各土壤细菌群落参数差异较大。温度、降水等环境因子亦能影响土壤细菌群落参数和结构。链霉菌和芽孢杆菌在季节交替过程中一直存在,可能是构成土壤细菌群落的原始种群。

In order to investigate the parameter of soil bacterial community and the short effect of manuring treating,the amount distributing,community parameter and dominant bacteria of soil bacterial with different biologic and Organic manuring in different season in organic pear orchard of Shunyi,Beijing was researched using traditional cultivation and 16SrDNA sequences method. 179 bacteria strains with different morphological character of colonies were isolated and cultured. Configuration character and 16SrDNA sequences of dominant bacteria showed that Streptomyces,Bacillus,Pseudomonas,Micrococcus are major and representative bacteria groups in soil of Shunyi,Beijing. The analysis of diversity shows that some of the manuring treating will advance the soil bactrial community diversity index,evenness and richness which was high from the sample without manuring. Different manuring could increase the soil bactrial community parameter effectively but discrepantly. The environment factor such as temperature and rainfall can also affect the soil bacteria community parameter and community structure. Streptomyces and Bacillus are always existed in different seasons which are likely to the aboriginal population in soil bacteria community.