技术进步与人力资本对城乡收入差距的作用——基于我国1995～2005年分省数据面板分析的实证研究

The Effect of Technology Progress and Human Capital on Urban-rural Income Gap——Based on the Panel Data of 1995-2005

劳动力人力资本的差异是造成收入差距的主要原因，随着技术进步的加快，技术进步成为收入差距形成的又一影响因素。利用1995-2005年分省数据进行的面板分析表明，我国城镇在1995年以后的技术进步向城镇低人力资本倾斜，对收入差距缩小有明显作用；农村技术进步与人力资本的不相匹配，造成农村技术进步对收入差距的影响作用并不明显。因此，要缩小城乡之间的收入差距，必须在发展技术进步的同时，加大农村人力资本投资，使人力资本与技术进步相互匹配。

The differences human capitals among labor are the main reason causing the income gap, as the accelerating of the technology progress; technology progress has become another factor which can influence the income gap deeply. Using panel data analysis from 1995 - 2005, the paper shows that China＇ s urban technology progress inchnes to low human capital after 1995, and it narrows the income gap significantly. Rural technology progress and human capital did not match, so the technology progress of a rural is not obvious role to urbanrural income gap. Therefore, we must develop appropriate technology to narrow the urban - rural income gap, and increase rural investment in human capital at the same time.