墓园发展概述

On the Evolution of Modern Cemetery

从人类墓葬习俗的起源入手,简述了西方墓园的发展过程,并着重分析了现代公墓形式演变的三个阶段:乡村式公墓(rural garden cemetery),大草坪式公墓(lawn-park cemetery),纪念式公墓(memorial park)。墓园的产生及整个发展演变过程都是人类对生死问题思考的物化,是情感的集结。随着人类生死观、价值观的演变,现代公墓设计更应突出园林的情感及精神功能,创造出适应于现代社会的墓园。

The developmental history of the western cemetery is reviewed from the origin of human beings＇ funeral custom. The three phases of modern cemetery forms, rural garden cemetery, lawn-park cemetery and memorial park are desoribed. The formation and development of the cemetery parks are the output of life and death the human heings＇ understood, which are also the reflect of emotion. With the changing of human being＇s views on life, death, and their values, the design of modern cemetery parks are more focus on the emotional and mental function of garden. A new cemetery park has developed to adapt to modern society.