凡纳滨对虾在盐度变化下免疫机能评价的研究

THE APPRAISEMENT OF IMMUNE ABILITY OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI UNDER THE CHANGE OF SALINITY

研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)在盐度变化下免疫机能的评价指标。结果表明:盐度变化对凡纳滨对虾血细胞数量、吞噬率和血淋巴酚氧化酶、溶菌、α2-巨球蛋白活力的影响显著(P<0.05),而对照组各免疫指标无明显变化。凡纳滨对虾在盐度变化1d内3类血细胞和总血细胞数量明显下降,1d后趋于稳定,且与盐度值呈正相关;血细胞吞噬率和血淋巴酚氧化酶、溶菌和类α2-巨球蛋白活力在3d内呈峰值变化,其中血细胞吞噬率、溶菌活力均于0.5d时达到最小值,血淋巴酚氧化酶、类α2-巨球蛋白活力分别于0.5d或1d时达到最大值,同时各免疫指标与盐度变化呈明显的正、负相关性,3d后均恢复至对照组水平。结合凡纳滨对虾在盐度变化下的免疫响应机制和免疫适应性,提出血细胞吞噬率和血淋巴溶菌活力可作为衡量对虾在盐度变化下免疫健康水平的指标。

The immune response of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under the change of salinity was studied. The results indicated that the change of salinity had a significant effect on the haemocyte count, percent phagocytsis, phenoloxidase activity, bacteriolytic activity and α2-microglobulin-like activity of Litopenaeus vannamei（P〈0.05）. Further, the change of these parameters had a positive correlation with the extent of salinity change. No signifi- cant difference in all parameters was observed in the control group during the experiment time. Total haemocyte count（THC） and different haemocyte count（DHC） reached the minima at 1d, stabilized afterwards and had a positive correlation with the salinity. The percent phagocytsis, phenoloxidase activity, bacteriolytic activity and α2-microglobulin-like activity in the experiment groups showed peak changes in the 3d and became stable afterwards. The percent phagocytsis and bacteriolytic activity were lowest at 0.5d, while phenoloxidase and α2-microglobulin-like activity reached the maximum at 0.5d and 1d respectively. All these four parameters had no significant difference with the control after stabilized.