当前世界足球比赛阵型变化特征研究

Characteristics of Development of the Football Match Formation

当前世界高水平足球队在顶级比赛中主要采用四四二、四五一、四三三、三五二等阵型,其中最主要的比赛阵型是四四二,这在英超、德甲和意甲赛事中最为典型。在全攻全守战术统治世界足坛的背景下,足球比赛阵型变化已呈现出多元化特征,阵型不再是一个固定的模式,它在足球比赛中只是一个符号,不是一支球队在比赛中获胜的法宝,但阵型承载着球队战术变化的每一个细节,是形成比赛格局的重要环节。比赛阵形不是一成不变的,教练员安排比赛阵形时,要把握阵形变化的时机,根据比赛的进展情况,综合考虑队员能力、攻防平衡等各种因素对比赛阵形进行调整。

Nowadays, the high level football teams mainly use 442, 451, 433, 352 formation in the top matches. Among them, 442 formation is widely used in the FA Premier League, Germany Series A and Italy Series A. Under the background of the all attacks and all defenses football forum, the football match formation presents the multiplexity, the football match formation is not a fixed pattern but a mark, not inevitable magic weapons but details of tactic change, and the important link. Football match formation is not static but dynamic. When coaches arrange football match formation, they should adjust formation at right time in accordance with the progress of match, the ability of players, the balance of offense and defense and other factors.