硝胺类烟火输出药的设计与性能研究

Design and Performance of Nitramine Pyrotechnics Composition

为使硝胺类输出药获得较好的点火性能,在配方中添加点火能力强的苦味酸钾制成混合药剂,设计了三种配方,并进行了点火性能试验,得到点火延迟期分别为1.79,2.11,3.05 ms。结果表明,加入苦味酸钾可以缩短输出药点火延迟期和压力上升时间。由最小自由能原理计算和密闭爆发器试验,得到三种配方的火药力和压力冲量都在544 kJ.kg-1和4 kPa.s左右,表明组分中硝胺含量保持10%不变,改变苦味酸钾含量,药剂的作功能力变化不大。

In order to obtain good ignition performance of the nitramine propellant, certain amount of potassium picrate with strong ignition ability was added. Three compositions with different formulations were designed, and their ignition performances were tested. The results show that the ignition delayed time of them were 1.79, 2.11 and 3.05 ms respectively. The potassium picrate in the formula can help to reduce the ignition delayed time and pressure rise time. Some characteristic parameters of actuated ability of three compositions were theoretically calculated according to the least free energy law and again verified by closed burner tests. It is obtained that different compositions have almost the same values of powder force and pressure impulse with 544 kJ· kg-1 and 4 kPa· s respectively if the content of nitramine in each composition is maintained to be 10%.