2001-2007年广西玉林市吸毒者行为特征及HIV感染状况的研究

Behavioral Characteristics of Drug Abusers and Their Conditions of HIV Infection in Yulin City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2001 to 2007

目的了解玉林市吸毒人群行为和HIV感染状况,为吸毒人群干预措施提供科学依据。方法制定统一的问卷调查表,由专业人员采用一对一的问卷调查方法,抽取吸毒者静脉血检测HIV抗体。结果2001-2007年共调查吸毒者3620人,发现艾滋病病毒感染者128人,HIV阳性率3.54%;兴业县和福绵管理区HIV感染率最高,分别为11.21%(66/589),9.87%(23/233)。外籍人口6.82%(9/132)。3620名吸毒者中79.39%为静脉注射吸毒,58.28%共用针具吸毒;其中51.30%(1857/3620)有性乱行为,且66.77%(1240/1857)性过程从未使用安全套。128例艾滋病病毒感染者,99.22%为静脉注射吸毒,69.29%(88/127)共用针具注射吸毒,67.97%(87/128)有性乱行为,83.91%(73/87)性活动从未使用安全套。结论艾滋病在个别县(市、区)呈流行趋势。吸毒者大部分为静脉注射吸毒,且相当部分吸毒者吸毒性乱行为并存,加速了艾滋病在吸毒者之间和普通人群之间的传播速度。加强对吸毒的打击力度和无毒社区建设,做好吸毒人群艾滋病感染者的管理、治疗关怀和干预工作,是控制艾滋病流行的关键性措施。

Objective To understand the behavioral characteristics of drug abusers and their conditions of HIV infection in Yulin City, and to provide a scientific basis for HIV intervention. Methods One - to- one questionnaire interviews were conducted by the professionals with unified questionnaires. Blood samples from the surveyed subjects were detected for HIV antibody. Results Altogether 128 cases of HIV infection were detected among the 3,620 drug abusers surveyed from 2001 to 2007. with the HIV - positive rate of 3.54 %. The HIV - infection rates were the highest in Xingye County and Fumian District, which accounted for 11.21% （66/589） and 9.87% （23/232） respectively, with a rate of 6.82% （9/132） among the foreign residenl population. 79.39 % were V drug users among the 3,620 drug addicts, and 58.28 % had needle- sharing behavior. In addition, promiscuity existed in 51.30% of the surveyed subjects （1,857/3,620） with 66.77% （1,240/1,857） of the promiscuous individuals having never used condoms. 99.22% were IV drug abusers among the 128 HIV infection cases, and 69.29 % （88/127） shared injectors. 67.97 % （87/128） had sexual behavior with multi - partner, and 83.91% （73/87） had promiscuity with no condom. Conclusions A trend of HIV prevalence exists in individual counties （cities）. The drug abusers are mostly intravenous drug users with promiscuity, and these behaviors promote transmissions of HIV between IV drug abusers and general population. Effective measures to control the epidemic involve making greater efforts to crack down on drug abuse, enhancing management, care and intervention of HIV- infected people among the drug abusing population.