乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果影响因素分析

Analysis on Influential Factors on Immunological Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccine

目的探讨乙肝疫苗免疫效果的影响因素。方法选择正定县乙肝疫苗效果考核试点乡1986-2004年出生的人群为研究对象,以固相放射免疫(RIA)法检测血清HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc,用EpiInfo和SAS软件进行统计处理。结果1994年及以后出生的1～11岁组人群HBsAg、抗-HBc分别为0.41%、2.29%,显著低于1994年前出生的12～19岁组人群的2.18%和8.44%;乙肝疫苗3针全程免疫组人群HBsAg阳性率最低,为0.35%;44例HBsAg阳性者中,母亲HBsAg阳性者21例,占47.73%。结论母亲HBsAg携带状况和乙肝疫苗接种史是影响乙肝疫苗免疫效果的关键因素。

Objective To investigate the influential factors on immunological effect of hepatitis B vaccine. Methods Altogether 3,013 individuals born from 1986 through 2004 in a pilot township of Zhengding County were enrolled in this study. The serum HBsAg, anti- HBs and anti - HBc were detected by solid phase radio- immunoassay （SPRIA）. The results were analyzed by EPI- INFOR and SAS software. Results The positive rates of HBsAg and anti - HBc in 1 -- 11 years group born in and after 1994 were 0.41% and 2.29 % respectively, which were significantly lower than those （2.18 % and 8.44 % ） of 12-- 19 years group born before 1994. The HBsAg positive rate in the population who were inoculated 3 times was the lowest （0.35 % ）. Among the 44 HBsAg - positive patients, 21 patients＇ mothers were HBsAg - positive, accounted for 47.73.%. Conclusions The key influential factors on immunological effect of hepatitis B vaccine are the status of mother HBsAg carrier and inoculation history of hepatitis B vaccine.