地震后送伤员的特征与治疗对策——附15例报告

Secondary characteristics and treatment of casualties evacuated from Wenchuan earthquake area

目的探讨地震后送伤员的特征与相应的治疗方案。方法2008年5月22日至24日，对收治的15例地震后送伤员的特征进行分析并采取相应的治疗，包括心理康复、清创、骨折切开复位内固定、应用持续负压封闭引流技术及植皮手术等。结果地震后送伤员的特征包括：震后心理刨伤的存在（15例），四肢截肢术后感染多（4例），四肢皮肤软组织缺损居多（10例），四肢骨折创伤较多而脊柱损伤相对较少（仅1例脊柱骨折），儿童骨折创伤多（4例）。15例伤员感染均得到控制，创面愈合满意，骨折对位好，内固定牢靠。结论地震后送伤员的特征鲜明，必须按照不同特点制定相应的个体化治疗方案。

Objective To discuss the characteristics and treatment of the casualties evacuated from Wenehuan earthquake area. Methods An analysis was done on the 15 evacuated earthquake casualties who received secondary treatment in our hospital from May 22 to 24. Combined therapeutic protocols were used for the 15 eases, including psyehologicai rehabilitation, wound excision, open reduction and internal fixation, application of vacuum sealing drainage, and dermatoplasty. Results The casualties were characterized by psychic trauma following earthquake （15 cases）, infection after extremity amputation （4 cases）, soft tissue defects （ 10 cases）, and injury to extremity rather than to spine （only 1 case of spinal fracture）. Infection was well controlled, wound surface healed, and fracture obtained stable fixation in all the patients. Conclusion The therapeutic protocols based on the secondary characteristics of earthquake casualties are effective.