少数民族社区农户参与旅游发展问题研究

Study on the Participation in Tourist Development Issues of Ethnic Group Community Farmers

论文以洱源县梨园村旅游业发展为案例,对在旅游开发的过程中,由于缺乏良好的制度安排和利益分配机制,许多社区农户没有公平的参与机会,无法从中获益,但所有的农户共同承担着旅游业发展的环境和社会成本。旅游业的发展使农户中产生了严重的贫富差距,引发了农户之间的矛盾与分化。因此,社区旅游中,如果没有居民的有效参与,农户无法享受到旅游业的积极影响,无法脱贫致富,直接的结果是社区农户的社会分层日益明显,长远而言,社区旅游无法实现真正的可持续发展,不利于实现社区的稳定与和谐。

This paper uses Li Yuan Village of Er Yuan County as the case study to analyze the negative consequences of a poorly planned tourism development. Particularly, it shows that due to the lack of a well - design development process and benefit - sharing mechanism, there is little opportunity for all villagers, especially the farm- ers, to actively participate in the process ara] fairly share the benefits of the development. On the other hand, these farmers are shouldering the major share of the social and environmental costs of tourism development. As a result, tourism development directly contributes to wide income gap between the rich and the poor in the village, and creates conflicts and division among them. Based on this actual case study, this paper concludes that without their effective participation, the disadvantaged poor farmers will not be able to reap the benefits of tourism development to improve their economic well- being. The direct result is the increased division among villagers. In the long run, tourism in these villages cannot attain sustainable development, which will in turn affect the realization of community stability and harmony.