构建复合因素致慢性疲劳大鼠模型及血生化动态变化

Dynamic changes of blood biochemical indexes in chronic fatigue rat models constructed by composite factors

背景：以往构建慢性疲劳动物模型多采用悬吊、束缚、游泳、跑台等复合性物理因素。目的：以睡眠剥夺与负重力竭游泳复合为慢性疲劳因素，构建慢性疲劳大鼠模型并观察其血液生化指标的变化。设计、时间及地点：2007-03／06在南方医科大学中医症候实验室完成的随机对照动物观察。材料：SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠40只，取8只进行预实验确定观察时间点为造模第1，4，13天，剩余32只随机分为正常对照组8只、模型组24只。方法：模型组大鼠建立慢性疲劳模型，即放入水深1．5cm的盒子中剥夺睡眠20h，按其体质量5％负重后再于水深50cm的玻璃缸内进行力竭游泳训练，以沉入水中10s无法浮出水面判定达到力竭状态。正常对照组不给予任何刺激，自然饲养。主要观察指标：造模第1，4，13天各取8只模型鼠麻醉后腹主动脉采血，离心取上清检测血液生化指标的变化。结果：与正常对照组比较，造模第1天仅尿素氮水平升高，尚未引起血液生化指标的明显改变，大鼠处于急性应激状态；造模第2-4天进入适应阶段，门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、尿素氮等肝肾功能指标发生异常（P〈0．01），大鼠尚可承受该运动强度；造模第5～13天，肝肾功能、C-反应蛋白、血糖、血脂及血清离子等常规血液生化指标几乎均发生异常（P〈0．01），大鼠机体受到严重损伤。结论：随造模时间的延长，慢性疲劳大鼠血液生化指标呈逐渐恶化状态，机体损伤趋势加重。

BACKGROUND： Previously, the chronic fatigue model is constructed with complex physical factors, such as suspension, immobilization, swimming and running. OBJECTIVE： To observe the dynamic change in the blood biochemical index among the chronic fatigue rat models constructed by sleep deprivation combined with exhaustive weight-loading swimming exercise. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized control animal observation was carried out in the Laboratory of TCM Symptom, Nanfang Medical University from March to June in 2007. MATERIALS： Forty male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats in the SPF level was adopted in this study, eight of them were used to take a preliminary experiment, and the observed time of the blood biochemical index was determined as the 1^st, 4^th and 13^th days. The other 32 rats were randomly divided into normal control group （n=8） and model group （n=24）. METHODS： Rats in the model group were used to establish the model of chronic fatigue by being kept in a cage with water to a height of 1.5 cm and being deprived of sleep for 20 hours, afterwards, rats were required to conduct exhaustive swimming exercise in a glass pool with loading 5% of rat body weight. Exhaustive swimming standard was 10 seconds after rats sank into water without outcrop. Rats in the normal control group were not given any stimulation and were fed routinely. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At the 1^st, 4^th, 13^th days after anesthesia, blood sample was taken from the abdominal aorta in each 8 rats. Serum was prepared by centrifugation and was determined for the blood biochemical index. RESULTS： Compared with normal control group, urea nitrogen level was increased on the 1^st day, and the blood biochemical indexes did not change obviously, the rats of model group were into acute stress; from the 2^nd to 4^th days, the indexes of liver and kidney function including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and urea nitrogen became abnormal （P 〈 0.01）, but the rats could endure the exercise intensity; from the 5^th to 13^th days, the abnormality was almost observed in the common blood biochemical indexes, such as liver and kidney function, C-reactive protein, blood glucose, blood lipid and serum ion （P 〈 0.01）, the rat bodies were injured seriously. CONCLUSION： The blood biochemical index of the chronic fatigue rats becomes more serious and the body injury aggravates with the modeling time prolongs.