组织工程皮肤的结构和特性

Structure and properties of tissue-engineered skin

人体组织和器官的结构是其功能的基础。人体皮肤丢失的同时也丧失了其相应的功能。当皮肤缺失面积相当大时,用自体皮来封闭皮肤缺损创面就存在皮源不足的问题。而组织工程研究的进展,使应用人工皮肤来修复皮肤缺损成为可能。为了使研制出的组织工程皮肤的功能与正常皮肤接近甚至相同,在结构上,也应使它们尽可能地接近与相似。本文就表皮替代物、真皮替代物、复合人工皮肤的构建及其特性和应用作一综述。相信随着多学科的发展和基础与临床研究的深入,制备的组织工程皮肤替代物在结构与特性上将更接近正常皮肤。

In the human body, the structure of the organ and tissue is its functional foundation. With the human body skin losing, the skin also loses its function. When the skin defect area is quite large, it is the question that the source of the autologous skin is deficient. But with the engineering research progressing, the application of artificial skin to repair the skin defect is possible. In order to make the tissue-engineered skin have ＂normal＂ skin function, the structure research also should make them approach as far as possible to be similar. This article reviews the constructs, properties and applications of the epidermal substitutes, the dermal substitutes and the skin substitutes. With continued development of multi-discipline and continued progress of basic and clinical research, the constituted tissue-engineered skin substitutes will more approach the normal skin in the structure and properties.