骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导分化及在细胞工程和基因工程中的应用

Differentiation in vitro of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their application in cell engineering and gene engineering

学术背景:骨髓间充质干细胞是一类具有多向分化潜能的成体干细胞,其体外诱导分化的不同组织对于骨及软骨组织工程、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、免疫系统疾病等的治疗具有广阔的应用前景。目的:总结骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导分化的研究进展。检索策略:由该论文的研究人员应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库1998-01/2008-01期间的相关文献,检索词为"Mesenchymal stem cell,differtation,neuron,osteoblast,Chondrocyte,adipocyte,sarcoblast,endotheliocyte,Tissuerepair,genetherapy"并限定文章语言种类为English。同时检索万方数据库2002-01/2008-01期间的相关文献,检索词为"骨髓间充质干细胞,诱导分化,神经细胞,基因治疗"。共检索到52篇文献,对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①与骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导分化密切相关。②同一领域选择近期发表或在权威杂志上发表的文章。排除标准:重复性研究。27篇文献符合纳入标准,排除的25篇为内容陈旧或重复文献。文献评价:文献的来源主要是骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导分化方面的随机对照实验。5篇涉及体外诱导分化为神经细胞的研究,4篇涉及体外诱导分化为成骨组织的研究,1篇涉及体外诱导分化为软骨组织的研究,2篇涉及体外诱导分化为脂肪细胞的研究,2篇涉及体外诱导分化为成肌细胞研究,3篇涉及体外诱导分化为内皮细胞的研究,3篇涉及体外诱导分化为肝细胞的研究,7篇涉及其在医学上的应用。资料综合:骨髓间充质干细胞具有自我更新、增殖和多向分化潜能,在不同生物环境和细胞因子的作用下可分化为不同类型的细胞。研究表明,骨髓间充质干细胞在体外适宜的诱导条件下可以分化为神经、成骨、软骨、脂肪、心肌、肝脏等多种细胞,而且骨髓间充质干细胞在组织修复和基因治疗方面的应用已取得较大进展,在人类医学上具有广阔的应用前景。结论:骨髓间充质干细胞被认为是细胞工程和基因工程理想的种子细胞,并开启了临床应用干细胞治疗的时代,

BACKGROUND： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are one kind of multi-directional differentiation adult stem cells. The different tissues derived from MSCs by differentiation in vitro possess extensive application perspective in the therapy of bone and cartilaginous tissue engineering, cardiovascular disease, nervous system disease, disease of immune system and so on. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the research progress of bone marrow MSCs differentiation in vitro. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： A computer-based search of Pubmed database was undertaken to identify articles published from January 1998 to January 2008 with key words of ＂mesenchymal stem cell, differentiation, neuron, osteoblast, chondrocyte, adipocyte, sarcoblast, endotheliocyte, tissue repair, gene therapy＂ in English. At the same time, Wanfang database was retrieved for the relevant articles published between January 2002 and January 2008 with key words of ＂mesenchymal stem cell, differentiation, nerve cell, gene therapy＂ in Chinese. Totally 52 relevant articles were selected. All the data were checked primarily. Inclusive criterion： articles related to the differentiation of bone marrow MSCs in vitro; articles published in the near future or on authority journals. Exclusion criterion： reproducible research. Twenty-seven articles met the inclusive criterion, and 25 excluded articles were old or repetitive content. LITERATURE EVALUATION： The main source of the articles is the randomized control trials about the differentiation of bone marrow MSCs in vitro. There were 5 articles referred to the research of differentiating into nerve cell in vitro, 4 referred to the research of differentiating into osteogenic tissue in vitro, 1 referred to the research of differentiating into cartilaginous tissue in vitro, 2 referred to the research of differentiating into adipose cell in vitro, 2 referred to the research of differentiating into sarcoblast in vitro, 3 referred to the research of differentiating into endothelial cell in vitro, 3 referred to the research of differentiating into hepatocyte in vitro, and 7 referred to the medical application. DATA SYNTHESIS： MSCs possess self-renewal, proliferation and multi-directional differentiation potencies. In the contribution of different organismic circumstance and cytokine, MSCs can differentiate into different kinds of cells. It is indicated in the study that MSCs can differentiate to nerve cell, ossify cell, cartilage cell, adipose cell, cardiac muscle cell, liver cell and so on in the eligible condition in vitro. Now there have been great advancements in the application of MSCs in tissue repair .and gene therapy. MSCs possess extensive application perspective in the field of human medicine. CONCLUSION： As ideal seed cells in cell engineering and gene engineering, MSCs create a period of stem cell therapy on clinical application.