太空经济及其社会影响

Space Economy and Its Societal Impacts

越来越多的国家都在开发和应用空间系统,太空部门的发展催生了新兴的太空经济,太空产业及其下游活动产生了广泛而深刻的社会经济影响。2005年,世界范围的民用和军用空间计划预算总额约为480亿美元,空间产品与服务的商业收入大约为872亿～1132亿美元,太空经济的增长趋势日益显现。太空经济的下游应用活动通常远大于上游制造活动,2005年,空间产品制造(如卫星、火箭)和发射收入估计为350亿～360亿美元,空间相关服务(如卫星电视、GPS)估计为522亿～772亿美元。2007年全球太空经济收入总额达到2510亿美元,比2006年增长11%。在现代社会长期而重大的问题管理方面,空间基础设施的效益越来越明显,及时的卫星图像和通信联系有助于降低生命和经济损失。

An increasing number of countries are developing space systems and applications. The development of space sector has brought an emerging space economy into being. Space industry and its downstream activities have caused extensive and intensive impacts on economy and society. The trend of growth in space economy is increasing apparent. In 2005, worldwide commercial revenue from space products and services was around US$ 87.2-113.2 billion. The downstream application of space economy is usually far bigger than its upstream manufacturing activities. In 2005, revenue from manufacturing （e. g., satellites, rockets） and launching was estimated at around US$ 35-36 billion, and the space-related services （e. g., direct-to-home satellite television, GPS） were valued at US$ 52.2-77.2 billion. In 2007, the global space economic revenue totaled to US$ 25.1 billion, 11 per cent higher than that in 2006. Benefits from space infrastructure are becoming more evident in the management of long term and significant challenges of modern society. Timely satellite imagery and communications links can help stem catastrophic loss of lives and economic losses.