新几内亚凤仙花瓣发育过程中花色素苷及其相关生化物质含量的研究

Study on the content of anthocyanin and related biochemical substancesduring the petal development in Impatiens×hawkeriⅠ

为进一步探索花色素苷及其合成过程中某些生化物质含量的关系,将新几内亚凤仙花瓣发育分为8个阶段,通过测定各阶段花瓣中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和脱镁叶绿素的含量以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性来探讨上述因素对花色素苷积累的影响。结果表明:花瓣发育过程中,花色素苷含量在花蕾即将开放时达到最高值;花色素苷合成的关键时期在花瓣发育的前4个阶段;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和叶绿素含量以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性与花色素苷的累积均有一定相关性;花未开放之前,随着花色素苷含量的增加,可溶性糖含量增加,而可溶性蛋白质含量下降;苯丙氨酸解氨酶在花瓣发育前期表现出较高活性,其峰值均先于花色素苷的峰值出现;脱镁叶绿素的降解有助于花色素苷的合成。

The development of Impatiens × hawkeri petal was divided into 8 stages in order to investigate the relation of anthocyanin to biochemical substances in petal during the flower development. The relation of content of anthocyanin to that of soluble sugar, soluble protein and pheophytin as well as the PAL activity during petal development was studied. The results indicated that the anthocyanin content reached the highest value at the beginning of blooming （stage Ⅳ）. The key period of anthocyanin biosynthesis was Ⅰ - Ⅳ stages, and the anthocyanin biosynthesis was related to the content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, pheophytin and PAL activity. Before the blooming period, soluble sugar content increased, while the content of soluble protein reduced. The results also showed that PAL activity was higher at the early stage than later stage, whose peak value appeared earlier than that of anthcyanin, and pheophytin degradation could accelerate the synthesis of anthocyanin.