中国刺槐种源间抗寒性地理变异研究

Geographic variation of cold resistance of Robinia pseudoacacia provenances from China

试验选取来自12个省份的17个刺槐种源为材料,测定各个种源在人工冷冻处理下的相对电导率、钾离子相对渗出率、失水率、水分饱和亏缺,并进行枝条的生长恢复试验;采用隶属函数值法对各项指标测定值用模糊数学隶属度公式进行定量转换,根据函数值的大小对17个种源的抗寒性进行综合评定;利用综合评定结果与种源地的地理因子(经、纬度)、气候因子(温度、降水)作相关分析。结果表明:所测定的各项指标与抗寒性综合评定结果具有显著的相关性,刺槐不同种源间抗寒性差异显著,各种源抗寒能力与所在地的年均温和度年均降水量均呈显著负相关,与纬度呈极显著正相关。初步判断,中国刺槐抗寒性地理变异符合纬向渐变模式,说明刺槐引种中国100多年来,在抗寒性上已经形成初步的地理变异。

17 Robinia pseadoacacia provenances were selected materials. The relative leakage of electrolytes, relative leakag from 12 provinces as the experimental e of K^＋ , the rate of branch water loss and the amount of water deficit were measured, and the growth recovery experiment of 17 Robinia pseadoacacia provenances was also carried out. Then the cold resistance of Robinia pseadoacacia provenances was fully compared according to all studied indices. Correlation analyses between the cold resistance and geographic factors, and between cold resistance and climatic factors have been made to study the geographic variance of this specie. The results showed that there were obvious differences among the cold resistance of 17 Robinia pseadoacacia provenances. A positive correlation was found between cold resistance and latitude and negative correlation for the annual mean temperature and annual precipitation. A tentative view is that the variation of cold resistance of Robinia pseudoacacia provenances is mainly influenced by latitude. It is concluded that the evident geographic patterns of cold resistance of the Robinia pseudocacia seed sources in China have varied.