饮用水处理中颗粒物数量变化及粒径分布规律

Amount and size distribution of particles in drinking water treatment

结合水厂实际水处理工艺及活性炭深度处理装置,试验研究砂滤池和活性炭滤柱出水中颗粒物数量变化及粒径分布规律.试验结果表明,过滤周期内砂滤池出水中颗粒物总数平均为148个/mL,其中粒径大于2μm颗粒物的数量平均为27个/mL,其粒径主要分布在2-15μm之间.砂滤池初滤水中粒径大于2μm颗粒物含量较高,前10 min内其数量高于50个/mL.砂滤池出水的浊度变化滞后于颗粒物数量变化,且二者之间的相关性差（R^2〈0.1）.与砂滤池出水（164个/mL）相比,活性炭滤柱出水中颗粒物数量水平（561个/mL）显著提高,其中粒径大于2μm颗粒物数量达153个/mL,出水中粒径在2μm和2-7μm之间的颗粒物数量增多最为明显.

The amount and size distribution of particles in the effluent from a sand filter or from activated carbon filtration in a drinking water treatment plant were investigated. The experimental results show that the average total amount of particles in the sand filter effluent during a filter cycle was 148 particles per milliliter, of which the amount of particles with a size over 2μm, mainly between 2μm and 15 μm, was 27 particles per milliliter. The amount of particles with a size over 2μm was large in the initial filtrated water： it exceeded 50 particles per milliliter in the first 10 minutes. The change of turbidity in the effluent was subsequent to that of particle amount and there was a low correlation coefficient between them （ R^2 〈 0.1 ）. The total amount of particles was significantly higher in the effluent from activated carbon filtration than it was in the effluent from the sand filter： 561 particles per milliliter and 164 particles per milliliter, respectively. The amount of particles with a size over 2μm in the effluent from the activated carbon filter reached 153 particles per milliliter, and the amount of particles with a size of 2 μm or between 2 μm and 15 μm increased most significantly.