近17年福建沿海台风及风暴增水特性统计分析

Characteristic analysis of the typhoons and storm surges in the Fujian coastal area over the past 17 years

根据1990-2006年的台风资料,对这17年登陆及影响福建沿海的台风特性进行了统计和分析,包括年际分布、年内月际分布、台风登陆点统计分析、台风强度统计分析.结果表明,与已有研究结果相比,台风的频率是下降的,登陆的台风集中发生在6-8月,提前了1个月,登陆台风的气压和风速成反比.对福建沿海崇武、东山、厦门、沙埕及梅花5个站点的实测潮位进行了调和分析和潮位预报,得出6个台风在各个站点引起的增水,对风暴增水分析表明,大风区范围越大则台风引起的增水越大,大风区覆盖台湾海峡的南部比覆盖北部更有利于增水,台风强度越大或台风与站点距离越近则台风引起的增水越大,位于台风右侧的站点比左侧的站点增水要大.

According to typhoon data from 1990 to 2006, the characteristics of the typhoons that landed at and affected the Fujian coastal area were analyzed, including the yearly distribution, monthly distribution, landing locations and intensity of the typhoons. The results show that the frequency of the typhoons decreased in this period, when compared with the previous period; most of the typhoons landed between June and August, a month ahead of when they were shown to land in previously published data; and the air pressure is inversely proportional to the wind speed in the center of the typhoons. Harmonic analysis of the measured tidal level and tide forecast was conducted out at five stations, Chongwu, Dongshan, Xiamen, Shacheng and Meihua, and the storm surges at these stations caused by six typhoons were analyzed. It indicates that the surges are higher under the following conditions ： larger gale scopes, gales in the southern part of the Taiwan Strait rather than the northern part, higher typhoon intensity, shorter distances between the typhoon and the station, and typhoons to the left of the stations, rather than to the right.