新型高铝铜合金喷焊层的组织与形成过程

Microstructure and forming process of sprayed coating of novel high-aluminum bronze alloy

利用等离子喷焊技术在45#钢表面制备新型高铝铜合金(Cu-14Al-X)喷焊层.采用光学显微镜、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针显微分析仪(EPMA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究喷焊层金相组织特征、宏观硬度和显微硬度、喷焊层与基体的结合特点以及喷焊层形成过程.结果表明,该合金粉末喷焊层的重熔过程具有快速凝固的特征.在重结晶过程中,富含Fe、Co等元素的高熔点、高硬度相首先析出,在喷焊层中形成硬质相,使得合金喷焊层的宏观硬度和显微硬度均较普通铜合金涂层高,宏观硬度高达261 HV,显微硬度高达424.2 HV.

The coating of a novel high-aluminum bronze alloy（Cu-14Al-X） was prepared by using plasma spray welding technique. Microstructural characteristics, macroscopic hardness, bonding speciality to the matrix, and forming process of the sprayed coating were studied by means of optical microscope, SEM, EPMA, and XRD. The results indicated that microstructures exhibited characters of rapid solidification after the remelt of the alloy coating. During its recrystallizing process, the higher-temperature and high-hardness phases with rich elements of Fe and Co separated out first from the liquid phase, forming the hand phase in the coating. Its macro-hardness was 261 HV and micro-hardness is 424. 2 HV, both higher than that of the coating of common bronze alloys.